Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale in patients with Parkinson Disease with normal scores in the Mini-Mental State Examination. Vásquez KA, Valverde EM, Aguilar DV, Gabarain HH. Clock-drawing test: You're asked to draw a clock that reads 10 minutes past 11:00.This task tests the ability to pay attention. Attention: The test-taker is asked to repeat a series of numbers forward and then a different series backward.The person is asked to name each one. This is mainly used to test verbal fluency. Animal naming: Three pictures of animals are shown.The proverb interpretation test is another way to measure these skills. This checks your abstract reasoning, which is often impaired in dementia. Abstraction: You are asked to explain how two items are alike, such as a train and a bicycle.It then asks you to list all the words in the sentences that start with the letter "F." Language: This task asks you to repeat two sentences correctly.The test also asks you to draw a cube shape. It asks you to draw a line to sequence alternating digits and letters (1-A, 2-B, etc.). Executive function/ visuospatial ability: These two abilities are checked through the Trails B Test.If they can't recall them, they're given a cue of the category that the word belongs to. After completing other tasks, the person is asked to repeat each of the five words again. Short-term memory/delayed recall: Five words are read.Orientation: The test administrator asks you to state the date, month, year, day, place, and city.Loss of the ability to group words into subsets (e.g.36-point total score, 12-point recognition score.Biased against visually impaired and poorly educated.Not as useful or sensitive as MMSE or MOCA for initial diagnosis.Pattern of scoring correlates well with – and hence helps determine – the clinical type of dementia.Correlates well with severity of dementia as seen in poor MMSE scores.Associated score then calculated by the assessor.Set the hands and numbers on the face so that a child could read them. Instruct the patient to draw a clock that says 1:45.Designed to elicit executive impairment.Though different suggestive cut-offs for those disadvantaged are available, they are not validated.Still has some bias against people with poor education.More sensitive at detection of mild dementia (100% sensitivity in some studies).More complete assessment of all aspects of cognition, including visuospacial, attention, word-finding.Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) – click here
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